Articole, studii, site-uri si carti STIINTIFICE relationate cu problemele dezbatute pe arie

Metabolism may be older than life itself and start spontaneously

Metabolismul este mai vechi decat viata si apare in  mod spontan.

Stanford investigators fused two stem-cell-derived neural spheroids, each containing a different type of human neuron, then watched as one set of neurons migrated and hooked up with the other set.

Scientists assemble working human forebrain circuits in a lab dish

ateii sunt in general mai inteligenti decat teistii

63 de studii stiintifice

TheEverlastingShadow, on 19 mai 2017 - 07:13, said:

Generalizarile de acest fel demonstreaza cam cata inteligenta zace in capetele celor care le fac

link-ul nu merge......

Stanford investigators fused two stem-cell-derived neural spheroids, each containing a different type of human neuron, then watched as one set of neurons migrated and hooked up with the other set.

Scientists have watched DNA being copied up-close for the first time, and they say their new window into the replication of genetic material shows it is more random than previously thought.
Although scientists have thought DNA replication was a more coordinated process, one that was organized so as to prevent it from becoming damaged or mutating, watching DNA copy itself in real time has given them a new take on a mechanism that is crucial to life on this planet.

This latest research led by CMU's Marcel Just builds on the pioneering use of machine learning algorithms with brain imaging technology to "mind read." The findings indicate that the mind's building blocks for constructing complex thoughts are formed by the brain's various sub-systems and are not word-based. Published in Human Brain Mapping and funded by the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA), the study offers new evidence that the neural dimensions of concept representation are universal across people and languages.
The new study demonstrates that the brain's coding of 240 complex events, sentences like the shouting during the trial scenario uses an alphabet of 42 meaning components, or neurally plausible semantic features, consisting of features, like person, setting, size, social interaction and physical action. Each type of information is processed in a different brain system—which is how the brain also processes the information for objects. By measuring the activation in each brain system, the program can tell what types of thoughts are being contemplated.
For seven adult participants, the researchers used a computational model to assess how the brain activation patterns for 239 sentences corresponded to the neurally plausible semantic features that characterized each sentence. Then the program was able to decode the features of the 240th left-out sentence. They went through leaving out each of the 240 sentences in turn, in what is called cross-validation.
The model was able to predict the features of the left-out sentence, with 87 percent accuracy, despite never being exposed to its activation before. It was also able to work in the other direction, to predict the activation pattern of a previously unseen sentence, knowing only its semantic features.
"Our method overcomes the unfortunate property of fMRI to smear together the signals emanating from brain events that occur close together in time, like the reading of two successive words in a sentence," Just said. "This advance makes it possible for the first time to decode thoughts containing several concepts. That's what most human thoughts are composed of."

Scientists harness 'mind reading' technology to decode complex thoughts

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